Objects group together a set of variables and functions to create a model of a something you would recognize from the real world. In an object, variables and functions take on new names.
Like variables and named functions, properties and methods have a name and a va lue. In an object, that name is called a key. An object cannot have two keys with the same name. This is because keys are used to access their corresponding values. The value of a property can be a st ring, number, Boolean, array, or even another object. The va lue of a method is always a function.

As a browser loads a web page, it creates a model of that page. The model is called a DOM tree, and it is stored in the browsers’ memory. It consists of four main types of nodes.
Accessing and updating the DOM tree involves two steps: